Calculating-machine.



F). V: WILGUS. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 12, 1913.

Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

nvyol? IV. WILGUS.

A 0mm 4 SHEEN-SHEET 2,

Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

WIN/8858 W U. V. WILGUS. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLIOATION FILED JULY12,1913.

Patented Mar. 30,1915.

0, V. WILGUS. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 12, 1913.

Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WITNESSES:

CHARLES i7. Will-GUS, Q1 KINGSTQE,

TL'IACHINE COlli'PZIiNY, OE UJILKES-BARRE,

PENNSYLVANIfi.

?El l'llSYLVANIA, ASSIG'NGR I'D HE ADDEE SYLVAITTLEL, A CORPSGALGULATINCi-MACHINE.

mes es.

snecification of Letters Patent. Faerie tter LLL Application filed July153, 3913. Serial No. 778,685.

T all w/wm it may concern Be it known that l, 'ilnaniins i' i nion's, acitizen of the United States, residing at Kingston, lauzerne county,Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful improvements inCalculating-Maehines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to calculatin inachines, and more particularly tothe registering or accumulating mechanism thereof, and its associateltransfer or carrying mechanism.

in calculating machines of the type to which this invention is, in thepresent instance applied, thou h the use of said invention is notconfined thereto, the registers r counters are cleared by first engagingthe counters and their drive inenibers, after which a restraining andrestoring bail is withdrawn to permit the drive members to advance,under spring tension, and turn the counters until the latter arearrested by the contact of stops thereon, with an abutment memberpreviously shifted into the paths thereof. The steps arrest the counterswhen they display ciphers at the reading line. The withdrawal of therestraining and re storing bail, to which the springs which advance thedrive neinbers may be connected, further tensions such springs until, atthe end of the initial stroke, the springs exert considerable pressurethrough the drive members, to hole thestops on the counters iirinlyagainst the abutment member, and in so doing, store turning moment inthe counters. After the arrest of the counters at zero, the latter andthe drive members are disconnected, and the dri; ineinbers retired toinitial position. The counters are arranged to turn freely on theirsupport and the sudden release from their drive nienibers, trees thecounters to the action of the turning inoinent st red therein, whichtends to cause the counters to rebound from the abutment member anddisplay a figure other than zero at the reading line. This known to thetrade, as throwing or kick:- ing) in ones. To overcome thisdisadvantage, spring-pressed detents have been provided to engage theteeth of ratchcts fixed to turn with the counters, as the latter andtheir drive members are disengaged, but it the-machine be subjected torapid and violent operations, or in case or rapidly op overcome thedetents and eliect an undesired registration by the counters.

Une object of this invention is to posicounters in zer positionino..\,1tll1lg operation, ant. i accomplish this result, in the presentinstance, by looking the detents against yielding to such stored energy.

Another objectof this invention is to prevent a possible under-additionon the no curnulating mechanism, due to the nonoperation of the carryingor transfer mechanism, which object, in the present instance, isattained by positively operating the resetting and carry-deferringdevices to prevent an excess throw thereof, thereby rendering thecarrying mechanism more cf licient in operation.

i To these and other ends, therefore, this invention comprises new anduseful devices which will be hereinafter more fully set forth andpointed out in the claims.

I in the accon'ipanying drawings, Figure 1 s a side View, partly brokenaway, showing the well known Wales calculating nn chine, to which oneembodiment of the inyention is ap 'ilied, parts being omitted. i -ig. isa similar -view, showing the clearing hey deprcseo, to shift theabutment nto the paths of the on the counters, u ith the countersconnected with their dr' 'c members, in a clearing operation. Fig. 3 adetail side View, showing the manner in which turning moment is storedin the counters during a clearing operation. the drive member beingadvanced and its spring tensioned. by the restraining and restoringbail. is a perspective of the inven tron. 111g. 2) is a slightmodification ot' the locking detenc. Fig. 6 is a detail sectional View,snowing the accumulating and carry ing or transfer mechanism, with thelock for preventing the rebound of the counters in clearing operation,the parts being in idle position. Fig. 7 is a similar View, showing acarry ta ring place, and illustrating the manner in which the lockingdetent yields during snch operation.

"Some of the parts shown in the drawingls and hereinatter referred to,are likewise shown in. i S. patents to Wales, TQ-LZOJ, July 13., 3.995;and 1 97,03), August 15, 1905;

; 4, mounted on front and rear arms 5 and 6,

Fig. 3. The stop, when set, displaces a detainer 7, (Figs. 3, 6 and 7)normally lying in the path of said drive member to arrest the latter.Turning a main drive shaft 8, (Figs. 1 and 2) on its forward stroke,with draws a restraining and restoring bail 9 (Figs. 3, 6 and 7) to freethe drive members to the action of their springs 10, which ad- Vance therespective drive members until the latter are arrested either by a stop3 or a detainer 7, providing no stop has been set in the path of a drivemember.

The drive springs 10 may be connected with the restraining and restoringbail 9, (Fig.3) to be tensioned upon the withdrawal of said bail.

,An axle 11, (Fig. l) mounted in arms 12 pivoted at 13 to the oppositeside frames 1, supports a series of counters 14 adapted to turn freelythereon, each counter having a piaion 15, (Fig. 3) and a ratchet 16fixed to turn therewith.

Props 17, (Fig l) secured to the arms 12 rest on a trip rod 18 supportedby radius bars 18 from a cross shaft 51, to normally support thecounters above their respective drive members i and out of engagementtherewith.

Legs 21 journaled on the axle l1 lie in line with seats 22 on the sideframes 1, and when the main drive shaft 8, on its forward stroke, lowersthe trip rod 18 and theprops 17, through links 19.and arms 20 connectingthe trip rod with the main drive shaft, the legs contact the seats atthe outset of such stroke and detain the counters in idle position untilthe drive members i have completed their advance, whereupon, as the mainshaft approaches the limit of'its forward stroke, the trip rod strikesthe forward end walls of slots in bridle links 23 connected to therespective legs 21 to draw the latter off. their seats 22, (see Fig. 2)and permit the counters to drop into engagement with the drive members.shaft 8, on its return stroke, swings the restraining and restoring bail9 against the drive members 4 or their front arms 5, to retire saidmembers. The drive members, on their return, rotate the counters 14; toregister thereon an. amount corresponding to the values of the keysdepressed. The main drive shaft 8, on its return, also restores the triprod 18, which at fir swings i lv until and corresponds generally withthat form The main drive the drive members 4 have been retired, afterwhich said trip rod contacts the upper ends of slots in the props 17 toraise the latter and thereby disengage the counters from their drivemembers. The legs 21 rise with the counters, and springs 21- shift thelegs into line with their seats 22 when the lower ends of the legs havecleared said seats.

In case the amount registered on the counters is larger than theindividual ca- 7 pacities of the counters, carrying mechanism (Figs. 6and 7), is provided to transfer the tens (assuming that the decimalsystem is used), to the counters to the left of those whose capacitiesare exceeded by the mg istered amount. This carry is arranged to takeplace after the drive members ,4: have operated the counters let, andthe latter have been disengaged from their drive members,

shown in U. S. patent to G. Wales, No.

880,157, dated February 25,1908, to which reference is made for a morecomplete eX- planation thereof. Suffice it to say, that as a counter,driven by its rack 4: in an accumulating operation, turns to display acipher at the reading line, a cam 25 turning with the Wheel, strikes androcks a trigger 26 pivoted on a cross bar 27 and having astop 28 whichsupports and locks the forwardarm of a rockinglever 20 against thetension of a spring 30. A carrying pawl 31 is mounted on the rear arm ofsaid lever, and when the trigger 26 is displaced, the spring 30 thrustssaid pawl against the ratchet 16 fast with the counter to the left ofthat which tripped the trigger, to turn said left hand counter one step(Fig. 7).

In case the trigger 26 is stripped by the cam on the right hand counterprior to the disengagement of the counters and racks, the carryingaction is deferred-until after the disengagement of the racks andcounters. This, I accomplish, by restraining the effective carryingaction of therocking levers 20,

through the medium of a restraining rod 32 (Figs. 6 and 7) mounted inresetting arms 33 journaled on a cross bar 34: and connected by slottedlinks 35 to the rear arms of said carrying levers 29.

The main drive shaft 8, on its forward stroke, swings the trip rod 18 towipe rolls 36 journaled thereon, over abrupt cams 37 merging into dwells38, formed on the resetting arms 33, to depress said arms and shift therestraining rod 32 to a point near the lower ends of the slots 30 in theconnecting links 35, and thus prevent an effective carrying operation ofthe carrying levers 29, even though the levers may be tripped by thedisplacement of their triggers. A slight'play is allowed the levers 29,however, to enable their drive springs 30 v to rock their forward armsinto the paths of the triggers 26 when the latter are dis- 2IilIcFarland, 842,232, January 29, 1907, after which the restraining andrestoring ball 9 retires the drive members. During such return stroke,but after the disengagement v of the counters and drive members, theabutment member 49 is released and returns to idle position.

Owing to the ease with which the counters turn on their supporting axle11, safeguards are provided to prevent over; or under-rotation of thecounters, due either to intention or accident, during different operating conditions. One such safe-guard comprises a series of detentsjournaled. on a cross rod 56, and spring-pressed to seat betweenadjacent teeth of i'atchets 16 to positively hold the countersagainstbacle ward rotation, and frictionally against forward rotation,when the counters are in idle position. .The detents also center thepinions 15 and the counters, so that the teeth of the pinions engagecleanly with their drive racks 4, without rolling, when the countersdrop into their racks. The springs '57 cause the detents 55 to followthe counters part way as they drop, to guide the counters and hold themagainst undesired rotation until engaged with their drive members. crossrod 59 to limit the throw of the detents. As the counters restore, theymeet thedetents which settle in their seats between the teeth of theirratchets and center the counters as the latter arrive at idle position.

The main shaft 8, when at the end of its forward stroke, (Figs. 2 and 3)in a clearing operation, has withdrawn the restraining and restoringbail 9 to its farthest limit and may place the highest possible tensionon various drive springs 10. These springs exert a considerable pull 011the drive members 4, which pull is transmitted through the pinions 15 tothe counters 14 and presses the stops 5O forcibly against the abutment49. As a result of this stress on thecounters, the latter tend torebound or turn forwardly at the moment of disengagement from theirdrive members, and at that moment, the detents 55 have not settledfirmly between the teeth of the ratchets 1G. Consequently, in rapidoperations, such" as repeat operations, for example, the potentialenergy stored in the counters by such stress might sometimes besuliicient to turn the counters past the detents, which would yield topermit such rotation, and display a figure other than zero at the sightopening,

after a supposed clearing operation. To

remedy this disadvantage, I have provided means to prevent the detents55 from yielding away from the counters during a clearing operation, andto this end, I, lock the detents in effective position by interposinglatches 58. in their paths, (Figs. 2, 3 and The tails 59 of the detentscontact a.

enough to render the latter effective, before the pinions 15 becomedisengaged from their drive members.

The necessity of permitting the counters to advance one step in carryingoperations,

prevents the use of an immovable detent. In such carrying operation,which takes place after the counters are disengaged from their drivemembers, asthe counter turns to register the carry, its detent 55 ridesover one tooth and settles in the adjacent space to center the counterrelatively to the reading line (Fig. 7 The latch 58 when idle, liesopposite a recess 65 in the tail of said detent to enable the latter toyield away from the counter as the latter is turned by its carryingpawl. The rear arm of the carrying lever 29 rocks downwardly when beingreset, and drags its pawl backwardly over the teeth of ratchet 16, butthe detent 55 prevents backward rotation of the counter.

Fig. 5 shows a slight modification of the detent 55 wherein, instead-ofemploying a roll 60 and pin 61 on the'nose of the detent, the entiredetent is made in one piece, thus producing a less expensive structurefrom a manufacturing stand-point,

since it eliminates two extra parts and assembly operations, and alsoprovides a stronger and more durable construction.

The nose 62 of the modified form of detent fits or seats between twoteeth of the ratchet 16 and in addition, is forked or-provided tion witha counter; drive means therefor;

and a stop on the counter; of. an abutment shiftable into and out of thepath of the stop; a detent to prevent rotation of the counter when thelatter is disengaged from its drive means; and means to positively lock.

the detent in-efiective position.

2. In a calculating machine, the combination with a counter; and meansto clear the counter; of a detent to prevent accidental rotation of 'thecounter. after it "has been vtent in effective position,

3. In a calculating machine, the combination with a counter; drive meanstherefor; a stop on the counter; and an abutment shiftahlc into the pathof the stop on s clearing operation; of a cletent to prevent rotation ofthe counter; and. a latch sni'l'tahle into and out of locking relationwith said letent to positively holtl the latter against rocking.

4. ln a calculating machine, the combination with a counter; clrivemeans therefor; and a stop on the counter; of an abutment shiftable intoand out of the path of the stop; a detent to prevent rotation of thecounter when the latter is disengaged from its drive means; and meansshifta'ole with the abutment to positively lock (latent in efiectiveposition.

In a calculating machine, the combination with a counter; drive meanstherefor; and a stop on the counter; of abutment shiftablc into and outof the path of the stop; a cletent to prevent rotation of the counterwhen the latter is from its drive means; and a latch carrierl hy theabutment to positively lock the cletent in ell'ective position when theabutment shifted. to its operative position.

6. In a calculating machine, the combination with a counter; drive meanstherel r; and stop on the counter; of tin-chutment shiftable into andout of the path of the stop; a detent to prevent rotation of the counterwhen the latter cliseno'ngerl from its drive means; means to positivelylock the eletent in eifectivc position; and a key to control both theabutment cletent-locking means.

7. in a calculating macl'iine, the comhination with a counter; lIlVQmeans therefor; and means to arrestthe counter at zero in a clearingoperation; of l ey-controllecl means, to positively lock the counter atthe time oi disengagement of the counter anti its drive means in aclearing operation.

83in acalculating machine, the combination with a counter; drive meansthere for; and means to arrest the counter at Zero in a clearingoperation; of devices to positively lock the counter at the time ofdisengagemcnt of the counter and its tlrive means, in a clearingoperation; ancl means to release the lock upon the completion of theoperation.

9. In a calculating machine, the combination with a counter; drive meanstherefor; and means to arrest the counter at zeroin a clearingoperation; of key-controlled clevices to positively lock the countertime of disengagement the counter ancl its drive means in o, clearingoperation; ancl means to release the lock upon the comple tion of theopei etion, 7

10. ln s calculating machine, the comhi- U latch norm solo detent nationwith e,

of the stop on opors-ition; oi s recesse detent rotation of the counter;and ally lying opposite said recess, to (lOt-Qlll) to yield, as thecounter is a co ying operation, and shiftahle into lcclci relation withsaicl detent to pro out such yielding after a clearing operation of. thecounter.

ll, In. a calculating machine, the combination with e counter; drivemeans therefor; carrying mechanism; a stop on the counter; and analmtmcnt shiftable into the path of the stop to arrest the counter inzero position; of a detent to hold seicl counter in Zero position; and alatch, normally iclle to permit the detent to yielzl when the counter isturned by the carrying mechanism; said latch shiftable into lockingrclation with said (letent to prevent such yielda t other times, 7

12. .ln a calculating machine, the combination with u counter drivemeans therefor; carrying mechr stop on the I. counter" 4 I umentshiftahle into the permit tl turned in oath oi arrest the counter inzero position; of a oletcnt to hold said' counter in Zero position; alatch, normally idle to permit the letent b0 yield when the counter isturned by the carrying mechanism, said latch shiftuhlc into lockingrelation with said intent to prevent such yieldini at other times; andmeans operable at Will shift the ohutn'ient and latch to effectivepositions.

12-5. in a calculatin machine, the combination with a counter; drivemeans therefor; cnr'ying mechanism; a. stop on the counter; and anabutment shiftahle into the path of the stop to arrest the counter inzero position; of a tlctent to hold saicl counter in zero position;lctch, normally iille to permit the rletent to yielcl when the counteris turned by the carrying mechanism, said latch shil'talole into lockingrelation with said clctent to prevent such yield ing at other times; anda clearing key to shift the abutment and latch to eii'ective position. i

1%. .ln a calculating machine, the combination with a counter; drivemeans therefor; cairyingmechanism; a stop on the counter; and anabutment shiftableinto the path or the stopto arrest the counter'in zeroposition; of ele tent to "hold seicl counter in zero position; hneilatch carried by the abutment, and normally idle to per l mit thedetentto yield when the counter is i by the carrying mechanism, saidshiftahle into locking; relation with l prevent such yielding at ot ier15. a ceiculeting machine, the combination with a series of counters;drive members therefor; stops on the respective counters; and akey-controlled abutment member shiftable into and out of the paths ofthe stops; of a series of detents for the counters; and a series oflatches shiftable into and out of locking'relation with the detents.

16. In a calculating machine, the combination with a counter; drivemeans therefor; and a toothed member fast with the counter; of a detentto hold said'counter where adjusted, and including a nose to seat in theinterdental spaces of the toothed member, and having a slot to embrace atooth thereof; one'of the walls of said slot being extended to form aguide to direct the tooth into the slot.

17. In a calculating machine, the combination with a counter; drivemeans therefor; and a toothed member fast with the counter; of a detentto hold said counter where adjusted, and including a nose having a slotwith divergent walls to guide and embrace a tooth on said member.

I 18. In a calculating machine, the combination with a counter; drivemeans therefor; and a toothed member fast with the counter; of a detentto hold said counter where adjusted, and including a nose to seat in theinterdental spaces of the toothed member, and having a slot withdivergent walls to embrace a tooth thereof,

19. In a calculating machine, the combination with a carryingmechanism;of means to defer the action of the carrying mechanism, including aresetting arm; and means to positively drive said arm in bothdirections'. v

20. In a calculating machine, the comb nation with a carrying mechanism;means to lock said mechanism ready for operation;

, and means to release said locking means;

of means to defer the action of'said carrying mechanism; including ashiftable member loosely connected therewith; and means to positivelyshift said member through a stroke of predetermined length.

21. In a calculating machine, the combination with a, carryingmechanism; means to lock said mechanism ready for operation; and meansto release said locking means; of means to defer the action of saidcarrying mechanism, including a shiftable restraining member looselyconnected therewith; and means to positively arrest the shiftablemember, at the end of its initial stroke.

22. In a calculating machine, the combination with a carrying mechanismnormally held against operation; and means to trip the carryingmechanism for operation; of means to defer such operation, including arestraining member loosely connected with the carrying mechanism toafford the latter a slight preliminary throw when tripped;

and positively-operating means to impart a 24-. In a calculatingmachine, the co1nhi-.

nation with a rotatable counter; and means to clear the counter; of adetent 55 to lock the counter against accidental turning; and ashiftable latch 58 to hold the detent effective.

In a calculating machine, the combi: nation with a rotatable counter; astop on the counter; and an abutment 49 shiftable into and out of thepath of the stop; of a rocking detent 55 to lock the counter againstaccidental turning; and a latch 58 shittable with the abutment, into andout of elfective position, to lock the detent against rocking.

26. In a calculating machine, the combination with a toothed rotatablecounter; and means to drive the counter; of a detent 55 to lock thecounter against accidental turn-' ing, said detent having a slot 63 toembrace a tooth on the counter, and a nose 62 to fit the interdentalspaces and center the counter; and a shiftable latch 58 to lock thedetent in effective'position.

27. In a calculating machine, the combination with a series of.counters; means to drive said counters; and carrying mechanism to effectthe transfer of tens to the adjacent counters; of swingingcarry-control- I10. ling and resetting 'arms 33connecte d with thecarrving meclranis'm' and having -cam slots 42 therein; and a driven rod18 to traverse said cam slots to rock said arms.

Signed this 8th day cfJuly, 1913,

CHARLES v. wiLensf In the presence of E. M. DETRICK, RALPH S. IVARFIELD.

